... lower energy content. The equations of state, gas composition and gas properties should be carefully considered. Hydrogen blended gas will impact the capacity of the pipeline system, regulating and compressor stations as well as operational items such as pigging velocities. Impacts to customers bills...

... model. In this case, a real-time model was developed to track gas composition from diverse sources throughout the network to the end users. The output from the real-time model was then used as the basis for billing calculations, thus demonstrating that real-time hydraulic modelling can be used...

... deployment and observation has been included. The model provides notification of changes and displays a PT-phase diagram using different gas compositions and oil assay data to compare the phase changes in model and commercial pipelines in real-time. With density and viscosity considerations in the approach...

... - various types of conversions performed by IT systems. This article describes situations in which invalid data causes disturbance of calculations. For example, in case of calorific value calculation, even a momentary invalid data concerning the gas composition may cause incorrect calculation results...

... such information by Transmission System Operators. In case of multiloop network which is supplied with many sources and different gas compositions, the dynamic network simulation combined with forecasting of behavior all sources and offtakes, is necessary. The article describes model of full chain of calculation...

... 1519 composition calorific value downstream oil & gas energy unit gas composition Copyright 2015, Pipeline Simulation Interest Group This paper was prepared for presentation at the PSIG Annual Meeting held in New Orleans, Louisiana, 12 May 15 May 2015. This paper was selected...

... composition than what the station was originally designed to process. Using a pipeline simulation method, this paper will review the effects on the efficiency and performance of compressors when exposed to varying natural gas compositions as well as the effect on the pipeline losses. This paper will also...

... specific conditions that can be identified with velocity, temperature and pressure profile data, in which condensate formation is most likely. Utilizing an equation of state and an initial gas composition, the phase envelop of the gas transported is generated. Comparison of the pressure and temperature...

... the behavior of the gas pipeline under different scenarios. The operation with different gas compositions from different supplies is not uncommon as well as the exposure to gas quality changes whenever contingencies happen to the gas processing plants. This paper address this important subject, presents...

..., there are also multiple methods commonly applied for the calculation of the enthalpy differences. This paper reviews several of the methods used for this critical calculation and provides a comparison using multiple gas compositions. INTRODUCTION Measuring compressor performance, either for the purpose...

... model rtm mission critical system alliance pipeline linepack chicago gas composition real time system gas stream scada system pipeline gas chromatograph heating value measurement and control composition scada midstream oil & gas mainline compressor station dewpoint Real Time...

... accuracy compressors engines and turbines manufacturer compressor efficiency gas turbine equation field test application flow measurement test uncertainty test condition shaft power factory test gas composition upstream oil & gas acceptance criteria 1Field Performance Testing of Gas...

... is computed using an assumed equation of state which is a function of pressure, temperature, and gas composition. Hence, the accounting and tracking of gas composition is important in the accuracy of the solution to the balance equations. Also, the accounting of impurity compositions like water or hydrogen...