...‐to‐radius ratio, ∝ ⟨ v ⟩ R , equal to the shear rate at the wall and practically independent of viscosity. At turbulent flow, the friction factor is ∝ 1 R e β , resulting in a scaling parameter at turbulent flow, which is a function of density and viscosity and valid only for high shear rates where...

... to simulate CO 2 flow in circular pipes in this paper. The realizable k ‐ ε turbulence model is used to simulate the large‐Reynolds‐number fully turbulent flow. An accurate equation of state (EOS) and transport models of CO 2 are used to account for CO 2 ‐properties variations with pressure and temperature...

... transition drilling fluid formulation curvature ratio concentration friction factor drilling fluid property spe production production logging turbulent flow reservoir surveillance completion installation and operations correlation reynolds number upstream oil & gas polymer concentration...

... based with constants determined from data, that address these two issues for hydroxypropyl guar (HPG)-based fracturing fluids in laminar and turbulent flow. The paper first introduces a new expression for the turbulent friction factor of HPG base gels. This implicit expression for the friction factor...

... turbulent flow regimes. Test slurries varied from very thixotropic to highly dispersed and from lightweight to dense. Analysis of pipe-flow data showed a correlation best described by a Bingham-plastic model. Standard flow properties calculated from the rotational-viscometer data were correlated to flow...

... of fracturing fluids. These effects are more pronounced with less viscous fluids than with more viscous fluids and at higher rates with both fluids. From the data gathered with fluids tested in this study, correlations to estimate friction pressures of fracturing gels in turbulent flow in rough pipes are also...

... perforations, and in the fracture. Laminar and turbulent flow properties can be evaluated simultaneously. The results—such as turbulent friction pressure, effect of pipe and perforation shear on the rheological properties of fluids in the fracture, viscous properties in the fracture, and temperature stability...

... application internal phase equation hydraulic fracturing surface area foam fluid loss control production engineering laminar flow drilling fluid formulation turbulent flow equation of state yield point spe production engineering fracturing fluid foam fracturing fluid Foams are being...