... based on or required by the activities of microorganisms" (1). Aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways biotransform and destruct various classes of hydrocarbons. There are many applications of biotechnology in the fossil fuel industry from enhanced oil recovery to environmental remediation. Benefits...

... Abstract Remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soil and groundwater is a complex process because it can involve volatilization, adsorption, dissolution and migration, biotransformation and biodegradation. Proof of biodegradation of hydrocarbon contamination is difficult and expensive...

... Abstract Remediation of contaminated soil, particularly flare pits, in oilfield sites has become a focus of increasingly stringent environmental legislation. These earthen pits consist of soil mixed with hydrocarbons, water, salts, and metals. Current remediation techniques such as biological...

... migrationflows. This paper focuses on the remediation of annular vent flows and migration, outside the surface casing, on we1ls that were originally cemented to surface.Beginning in 1992 the testing a various techniques resulted in the developmentof a system that has significantly improved the success...