... operating costs and improved safety. BACKGROUND Production Methodology. The preferred strategy of cold heavy oil reservoir exploitation in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin is to produce emulsion into field production tanks from wells drilled on a high density pattern, often at ten to twenty acre...

... Abstract The importance and application of emulsions in the oil recovery has received considerable attention. This is a first attempt to simulate macro emulsion flooding performance compositionally by including the physical property changes that occur simultaneously during multiphase...

... Abstract We are developing a technique using Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) to visualize and characterize brine-in-bitumen emulsions. Experiments were carried out in different operating modes, including confocal modes and conventional mode, of CSLM for several types of emulsion...

... these polymers in oil. We have performed laboratory experiments to show that it was possible to make such an emulsion, and that the emulsified polymer was still able to from a gel. The density difference in oil, emulsion, and water allowed the emulsion to be placed right in between oil and water. The emulsified...

... the existing- correlations which are currellt~v used in thermal simulators. the water concentration in the equilibrium calculation consists of free water only i.e. the amount of water excluding the amount of water in the emulsion. the k-values of C 1 and CO 2 are weak function of feed composition...

... Abstract A previous 1 paper indicated that phenol transport was controlled by slow molecular diffusion in emulsion as the rate-determining step. Based on the transfer mechanism field dispersive model and a lab CFSTR model were built to model the time-dependent phenol concentration in emulsion...

... Abstract Co-injection of water and bitumen into sand packs have been conducted to study the flow of emulsion in porous media. It was found that the most important factor in the formation of emulsion is the wettability of the medium. An oil wet medium is more favorable for emulsification than...

... Abstract A leaching experiment was conducted at 4 °C to simulate the transport of phenoland chloride from a quiescent, viscous Cold Lake W/O emulsion into flowingfresh water. Test results indicated that phenol and chloride were transferredthrough different mechanisms. The rate-determining step...

... gas condensate or petroleum naphtha as the solvent. Theoil recovery potential of these emulsions was evaluated in one meter longlinear sand-packs and in a three-dimensional glass-bead packed isual model.Effects of various process variable, including: solvent volume fraction, surfactant concentration...

... suitable for pipelining (typically less than 0.5 percent solids and water). A wide range of chemical demulsifier are available in order to effect this separation. In principle, a complete chemical and physical characterization of both the demulsifier and the emulsion to be separated would allow one...

... marketing agreement oil sand porous media asset and portfolio management agreement producer upstream oil & gas price forecast market analysis complex reservoir enhanced recovery evaluation gas price forecast laughton continuous external phase emulsion forecast energy economics load...

... Abstract The formation, production and handling of highly viscous bitumen-water emulsions Is a significant problem in the operation of many heavy oil thermal stimulation projects. This paper documents an extensive study examining the in-situ emulsification of bitumen and water under conditions...

... Abstract Non-thermal heavy oil recovery methods are important, because many heavy oilreservoirs are unsuited for thermal methods. Emulsion flooding is one of themore promising non-thermal methods. In this experimental research, the effectof injection rate was examined for a Lloydminster crude...

... Abstract Bitumen from thermal recovery processes is produced mainly in the form of water-in-oil emulsions. Generally, it has been believed that these emulsions form al restrictions in and around the wellbore, and/or in the surface sampling ports, but not in the reservoir. Thus, it has been...

... the essential characteristics of a thermorecovery process and the quality of produced oil emulsions using analysis of produced oil emulsions collected from 1arge numbers of laboratory simulated steamdrive and hot water processes in addition to one field situation. Variations in the relative amounts of oil...

... Abstract Flow of emulsions in porous media is of great interest to the oil industry, since emulsions play an important role in various enhanced oil recovery processes. Even though many laboratory studies have been conducted to understand the rheology of emulsions and mechanisms of emulsion...

... Abstract The production from the in-situ thermal recovery of heavy oils always consists largely of water in oil emulsion. These are much more viscous than the oil itself. In this study, the production of such emulsions has been studied in a laboratory scaled reservoir model and it has been...

.../emulsifiers was investigated. A mixing cell was constructed in which the emulsion created could be observed far quality and stability. From this cell the emulsion could be transferred directly to the couette of a Rheometrics Pressure Rheometer for determination of its viscosity versus shear rate/shear stress...

... Abstract The pipeline flow behaviour of unstable oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions has been studied over a wide range of experimental conditions. The effects of flow rate, pipe diameter and the dispersed phase concentration have been determined. In laminar flow, oil-in-water emulsions...

... in Western Canada, Nowsco has conducted considerable development work to provide state-of-the-art, cost-effective acid additives. These additives are highly dispersible with a broad range of mutual compatibility. They are designed to control acid corrosion, prevent emulsion and sludge formation...