... to -12°C. Ice floes 1 to 3 meters thick blanketed over 90% (i.e., >9/10 ice cover) of the ocean surface, and ice ridges, several meters high were encountered where floes converged. The ice drifted at speeds of up to 0.3 knots and changed direction over short time periods, sometimes within an hour...

... the effect of size on the dynamics. The notion that the scales of a specimen alone influences the operative physics has fundamental implications." floe us government fracture experiment reservoir characterization simi ice camp hydraulic fracturing sea ice mechanics initiative OTC 7612...

... ABSTRACT The interaction of a massive ice-resistant bottom-founded offshore structure with a multiyear pressure ridge embedded in and ad frozen to a multiyear ice floe is considered in the paper from a deterministic point of view. For the sake of calculating global ice loading on structures...

... thickness is determined from the time difference in the arrival of the reflections and the pulse velocity in ice. The system was field tested offshore Prudhoe Bay, Alaska during March of 1984, 1985 and 1986. During the field tests, 8 multiyear floes were ground truthed for comparison to radar data and over...

... wave spectrum after passage through a user selected distance from the ice edge. The primary mechanism is shown to be wave scattering by individual ice floes. The theoretical predictive model is compared to results obtained in towing tank studies. The method accounts for flow size, thickness...

... loaded. drillstem/well testing upstream oil & gas ice phase drilling operation instrumentation floe drillstem testing pack ice phase alert level borehole deflection sensor ice condition displacement rig move tug sensor alert spray ice barrier cid radar multiyear floe...

... ABSTRACT Systematic laboratory measurements were performed to determine the steady drift of isolated, tabular ice-floe models in regular waves. A relatively simple expression for the steady wave-induced drift of two-dimensional floes of uniform thickness and density in deep water was developed...

... floe storage vessel subsea system sea ice sea offshore loading terminal ice force criteria otc 5053 ice feature strain rate ice force thickness strength reservoir characterization fpso preliminary design purpose shear strength tanker OTC 5053 Ice Force Criteria for Bering Sea...

... in early October, with new ice formation beginning near shore and slowly progressing offshore. beaufort sea otc 4940 ice load pressure ridge caisson stability berm upstream oil & gas gulf canada resource inc drilling equipment water depth arctic caisson floe construction...

... ABSTRACT In the real coastal ocean where the water is likely to be stratified, the ice floe movements may be subjected to dynamic constraints imposed by the frontal system and the eddy motions engendered by it. Cases of active interaction between ice floes and frontal dynamics have been...

..., is presented to estimate the number of floe collisions. The method results in estimates significantly less than predicted by a "line method". The probability model is used to develop sample ice load criteria for an idealized caisson, monopod, and conical structure. INTRODUCTION Numerous designs have been...

... ice in the Arctic Ocean. "limit-force" loads are controlled mainly by average ridge-building forces in the thinner ice between large thick floes. A review of ridge-building forces and pack ice strengths has been conducted and typical "limit-force" loads are calculated. Uncertainties in "limit-force...

... of floe face geometries and vertical stiffnesses of the leading edge of the floe. The main conclusions from the model tests were that the horizontal load is proportional to the stiffness for low values of stiffness and that the floe face geometry has minimal influence on the loads. INTRODUCTI ON One...

... ABSTRACT This paper presents a probabilistic procedure for determining the maximum loads and pressures on a fixed offshore structure due to multi-year ice floes during, winter loading events. The approach depends on a !computerized simulation procedure which is described 'together...

... ABSTRACT Added mass and damping for ice floes are important parameters in determining floe collision forces with arctic structures. They are measures of the hydrodynamic resistance to the change of the floemotion. This paper presents an analytical approach based on long water wave theory...

... ice force caisson floe ice interaction ice load island upstream oil & gas offshore technology conference tarsiut winter alert aTe 4518 Tarsiut Winter Alert Monitoring by B.D. Wright, Gulf Canada Resources Inc., and J.S. Weaver, I.SE Engineering Consultants Ltd. Copyright 1983 Offshore...

... concentration imagery open water ice pack sea ice esmr image radiometer signature floe beaufort sea ice campbell experiment OTC 2760 SIMULTANEOUS PASSIVE AND ACTIVE MICROWAVE OBSERVATIONS OF NEAR-SHORE BEAUFORT SEA ICE by W. J. Campbell, U. S. Geological Survey, P. Gloersen and H. J. Zwally, NAS...

...-shore structures. stress measurement reservoir characterization breakup offshore technology conference fast ice variation compression barrow radar return alaska site 3 engineer sea ice stress transducer shoreline floe transducer shorefast ice pressure ridge upstream oil...

... be naval architects, engineers in ocean engineering, navigators and superintendents of exploration, it will be obvious that a simpler and more readily understood method had to be developed. sea ice maximum ice thickness fathom us government pack ice upstream oil & gas accumulation floe...

... ABSTRACT The sea ice conditions around the northern arctic coast are varied and not easy to typify, but at least three states can be identified. These are: large, continuous ice sheets (fast ice), isolated floes moving under the action of winds, tides and currents, and small floes...