References in the last page
This study comprises a realistic view of the Petroleum Systems modeling in the Pre-Salt area of Santos Basin in the ultra-deep water region, comprising the recent giant oil and gas discoveries, which includes the Tupi (now named Lula and Cernambi Oil Fields), Iara, Jupiter and Guará. (Fig. 1). This area encompasses other several successfully tested prospects such as Bem-te-Vi, Carioca and Parati. Volumes are surprisingly large; may reach 18 Bbbls of reserves. The area encompasses also the recently certified reserves in ANP areas that can reach up to 15.5 BBOE (2C results from Gaffney, Cline & Associates). Such discoveries emphasize that in most areas of the ultra deep waters of the Brazilian Greater Campos Basin, localized in the Southern Margin of Brazil, exploration has just begun.
Petroleum System in the Ultra-Deep area of Santos Basin is characterized as a unique due to the existence of a widespread and thick (up to 2,000m) salt sequence forming excellent seal, excellent source rocks, reservoirs carrier beds (for migration), traps, temperature conditions and timing. The salt sequence is one of the most important players acting not only as a perfect seal but also in the preservation of the liquid phase of the hydrocarbons and the permoporosity of the pre-salt carbonate reservoirs. The understanding of the salt movement through the time and the role of sealing and heat transfer properties through 2000 m of salt layer is a key point in the modeling processes.
