... artificial island encroachment ocean engineering 22nd international conference model test international conference ice transport subsea system investigation initial failure ice load ice encroachment References References Bridges , R. Riska , K. Schroeder , C. Model Tests...

..., floating platforms and artificial islands. Arctic offshore wells have been mainly drilled from anti-ice floating drilling platform, ice-resistant fixed drilling platform and artificial island. In future, arctic petroleum exploration & production will move to deeper water area; natural gas development...

... of the structure above and below the ice sheet. Since ATC 2014, the software development has considered ice interaction with straight sloping wall structures, then vertical walled structures (such as artificial islands) and finally a range of floating structures. This follow-up paper will present details...

... endeavors. Various types of structures have been proposed and employed to access offshore petroleum reserves in arctic waters. Previous design and construction has included artificial islands, floating drillships, spray islands, caisson retained islands (CRIs), and gravity-based structures (GBSs...