... was initially proposed and tested using high-carbon-number (heptane and above) hydrocarbons for solvent at ambient pressure and temperatures lower than 90ºC for oil-wet consolidated sandstones and carbonates (Al-Bahlani and Babadagli 2008, 2009a; Naderi et al. 2013). Later, lower-carbon number (propane...

... drainage physical model drainage rate steam-solvent combination injection pressure viscosity viscosity reduction free-fall-gravity drainage correlation solvent dissolution solubility enhanced recovery propane oil production experiment VAPEX experiment reservoir injection MPa Effect...

...Jeannine Chang; John Ivory Summary Only 5-10% of the oil in Lloydminster heavy-oil reservoirs is recovered during cold heavy-oil production with sand (CHOPS). CSI is currently the most active post-CHOPS process. In CSI, a solvent mixture (e.g., methane/propane) is injected and allowed to soak...

... the results and analysis of hot-solvent experiments conducted on original Grosmont carbonate cores. Three experiments were conducted using propane and one using butane as solvent. After heating the entire system containing the core sample, solvent gas was injected. The rock was allowed to soak in the hot...

... of the VAPEX process. In addition, this approach can be applied to model the viscous fingering inside gridblocks. enhanced recovery complex reservoir bitumen reservoir simulation chemical flooding methods flow in porous media VAPEX process Fluid Dynamics propane Thickness drainage layer...

... Challenges The principal challenge of hydrocarbon solvent addition is the cost of solvent retained in the reservoir either dynamically, as a run- ning inventory, or ultimately, after final solvent scavenging. The practical solvent candidates are propane, butane and pentanes-plus (i.e., gas condensate); all...

... mesh sand, and propane was used as the solvent. The quality of the produced oil samples was evaluated through the SARA technique and viscosity measurements. The experimental results show that the oil produced at higher injection pressures was substantially upgraded, but the viscosity reduction...

... of the asphaltene and is essentially immobile. 28 3 2008 5 8 2009 15 9 2009 1 11 2009 17 6 2008 1 11 2009 2009. Society of Petroleum Engineers bitumen propane enhanced recovery Upstream Oil & Gas cylinder phase separation oil sand complex reservoir concentration...

... for heavy oil and bitumen production. Most of these technologies utilize a pair of horizontal wells, similar to those used in SAGD, but use a gaseous solvent, typically propane, alone or in conjunction with steam, to recover the oil. The VAPEX process may be augmented by adding heat. Heating of a horizontal...

... enhanced recovery steam-assisted gravity drainage thermal method Upstream Oil & Gas commercial bitumen recovery bitumen carbonate bitumen recovery permeability propane Alberta recovery Grosmont carbonate fracture SAGD Thickness porosity operation interpretation reservoir...

... concentrations of inhibitors. Our col- lection included data from pure components, such as methane, ethane, propane and carbon dioxide, to natural gas systems in the presence of pure water, electrolytes and/or alcohols. A total of 12 hydrocarbons, three nonhydrocarbons, three electrolytes and four thermodynamic...

... was found to fit the saturation pressures at carbon dioxide contents below 12 wt%. The saturation pressure and solubility of carbon dioxide and propane in Athabasca bitumen, as well as the liquid phase densities and viscosities, were measured for three ternary mixtures at temperatures from 10 to 25 °C. Two...

... of the unrecovered solvent, the less advantageous it is to carry out SAP. In principle, any of the commercially-available light alkanes (e.g. propane, butane or natural gas condensate) can be employed for SAP. However, these liquids tend to be expensive due to their multiple uses in the industry and their price...

...A. Badamchi-Zadeh; H.W. Yarranton; W.Y. Svrcek; B.B. Maini The saturation pressure and solubility of propane in Athabasca bitumen, as well as the liquid phase densities and viscosities, were measured for temperatures from 10 to 50 °C. Equilibration proved challenging for this fluid mixture...

... of the injected solvent. This modification will utilize mixtures of CO 2 and propane as the solvent instead of the currently popular mixtures of methane and propane. Since CO 2 is significantly more soluble in heavy oils than methane, it is likely that such mixtures will provide greater reduction in viscosity...

... process, gas molecules are entrapped into cavities formed by water molecules. Usually light molecules such as methane, ethane, propane, isobutene, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide will form hydrates, however, several heavy hydrocarbons such as benzene, cyclopentane, isopentane...

...P. Luo; C. Yang; A.K. Tharanivasan; Y. Gu In this paper, a series of laboratory experiments are conducted under reservoir conditions to quantify the in situ upgrading of heavy oil due to the solvent dissolution and asphaltene precipitation by using a pure solvent (propane) and a solvent mixture (70...

...-pressure cell, which is initially filled with a solvent (e.g. propane). As the solvent gradually dissolves into heavy oil, the volume of the pendant oil drop keeps increasing due to the oil-swelling effect. The sequential digital images of the dynamic pendant oil drop are acquired and analyzed to determine...

...-steam mixture continuously from the injector well (3) . Reservoir simulations of solvent-steam co-injection were done with a pseudo-compositional thermal reservoir simulator. The effects of co-injecting a multi-component solvent, naphtha, and a single component solvent, propane or pentane, were compared...

... of extra-heavy oil (9 ° API). Production of the project started in November 2001 and the target is to produce some 30,000 m 3 (190,000 barrels) a day over a life span of more than 35 years. This study found that using propane as a steam additive can accelerate oil production and improve the effect of steam...