..., Feng et al. 2010). Finally, an approximate simulation method, based on the dis- crete element method developed by Kawai (1977), is proposed by Cui et al. (2002). This method can get proper approximation for engineering when satisfying the equivalence of stiffness, strength and load. There- fore...

... rock stratum distinct element method Thickness rock mass tunnel jointed rock stratum shallow-buried large-span unlined tunnel Modeling & Simulation rock stratum stratum stiffness Upstream Oil & Gas recognition method formulae horizontal joint mechanical parameter relation curve...

... Characterization p-wave propagation nonlinear joint stress WAVE PROPAGATION stiffness mechanics Upstream Oil & Gas BB model amplitude rock mass propagation Rock mechanics coefficient wave amplitude fracture Rock Characterisation, Modelling and Engineering Design Methods Feng, Hudson & Tan...

... wellbore integrity structural geology Engineering Reservoir Characterization flow in porous media Fluid Dynamics reservoir geomechanics Wellbore Design weathered granite GPa deformation modulus fracture normal stiffness engineering analogy method transmissivity normal stiffness...

.... Figure 4: The cross-section shape in the f3-2 fault Figure 5: Rock samples Table 1: Physical and mechanical properties of the rock units Parameter Value Young s modulus, GPa 2.5 Poisson s ratio 0.3 Cohesion, KPa 10 Internal Friction, degree 25 Unit weight, KN/m3 27 Vertical bedding stiffness, MPa/m 300...

... by equation (1); { } { } { }T I R = + (1) Thus it is assumed that the joints are distributed periodically and the volume of each joint set is ignored in comparison with the volume of intact rock. And it is assumed that the stresses of the intact rock and joints coincide. The stiffness matrix of joint...