.... The monitoring data shows the ratio between the maximum cumulative horizontal and vertical displacements reaches to 4 to 10, which shows an anisotropic deformation. Meanwhile, serial hydraulic fracture stress tests we conducted in tunnel indicate that coefficient of lateral pressure k approaches to 3, compared...

... Abstract Based on a three-dimensional non-linear constitutive model, this study investigates the anisotropic deformation of a tunnel excavated in jointed rock masses and associate supporting effects of rockbolts. Using a numerical model capable of describing the influence of mechanical...