.... The operating and maintenance costs of underground caverns are lower than those of aboveground steel tanks. The risk of fire and explosion is small, and the eventual damage can be limited with proper design. There have been problems as to sludge and emulsions but these problems have been solved. KEYWORDS...

... drop shafts varying-from 1.06 m ~ 7.62 m (3'6" - 25') in diameter, approximately 88.4 m (290 vertical f t ) in depth. After the general description of the overall project. a detailed presentation will include a discussion of tunnels and shaft concrete operations and shale conditions at the station...

... Storing oil underground overcomes the detrimental environmental effects of tank storage at the ground surface. But due consideration must be given to other factors. Preventing disturbance to the original groundwater pattern requires a thorough survey of the water table before mining operations...

... metals & mining underground space developer requirement underground experience Energy crisis underground developer association surface development underground industry underground development ownership operation storage psychological impact constraint Kansas City underground...

... result in a high degree of uncertainty as to the elastic behavior of the rock mass under the cyclic loading applied by the operation of the electromagnet. After investigation of alternative solutions to avoid some or all of these problems, it was decided to examine the possibility of using multiple...

... and turn it into climate-controlled facilities with reduced construction and operating cost of both a fixed and variable nature. Coverage of some key elements should include location, cost, human factors, and future application. MINE LOCATION Although future technology may reduce the need for archives...

..., etc. In total five portable 30 m3/h concrete batching plants have to operate at 12 different locations, 8 borrow pits with screening facilities have been opened. About 40 trucks from Macon haul cement constantly from four different cement factories. The cement trucks need one week for the round trip...

... capacity of 73.6 x 109 kWh (8 % of which in salt cavities) to be available by 1985, in a situation where the part of natural gas in the French primary energy requirement should be 16 %, in conformity with the imperatives fixed for Gaz de France by the French Government. The materialization and operation...

... 7.315 km (24,000 LF) of 6.7 m (22 f't ) diameter and 8.230 km (27,000 LF) of 9.14 m (30 f't ) diameter rock tunnel has been mined by Jarva TBMs. In addition, 32 drop shafts and 2 work shafts have been completed. This paper presents a discussion of the tunnel and shaft operation with an em~hasis...

... been pursued (Fig. 3), so that today there are stations in operation with unlined shafts/tunnels with water pressure up to 600 m. (For cases of accidents, see the final chapter). Current plans call for pressure as high as 750 m. The increased tunnel pressures are mainly accomondated by lowering...

... and to lessen the risk of cost overruns or of abandonment. Despite their growing popularity, 'underground storage installations are still the exception rather than the rule. The risks associated with their construction and operation are, therefore, much less well-known than for topside installations serving...

... isolation kaiser engineer Waste Isolation repository site operation terminal storage program technological accomplishment radioactive waste national waste terminal storage program Site selection nuclear waste solid waste management Disposal repository waste package THE U.S...

...SELFREGULATING OIL STORAGE IN ROCK WITH MOBILE WATER BED B. J. Guzina Energoprojekt, Consulting Engineers, Beograd, Yugoslavia ABSTRACT The paper is dealing with the technical proposal of selfregulating oil storage in rock with mobile water bed. The reservoir can be operated without water pumps...

... AND THE HEATING SYSTEM The way of operating the heating plant, and the heat storage described below, is re- ferring to the period after the research programme has come to an end. The operation during the research period is described in the chapter "Research programme". The Avesta district heating system...

... for electrical power generation during peak demand periods. Key features for economical use of such systems involve the structural and leakage stabilities of the storage caverns over operational lifetimes of some 30 years. A goal of this paper is to establish a consistent set of stability and design criteria...

... solution. (b) Avoidance of over pressurizing the solution-deposit zone by the injection operation which will result in: (i) induced undesirable fractures in both upper and lower confining formations, and (ii) inefficient and uneconomical injection operation. RESUME Cette composition debattra quelques...

.... 1) accommodates one year's unreprocessed waste from 12 nuclear 1000 MWe reactors assuming 10 years of interim storage. Construction operations are outlined. Various advantages of the concept are emphasized (see list at end of paper). INTRODUCTION The WP-CAVE concept was first published...

...A COMMERCIAL NUCLEAR WASTE REPOSITORY IN BASALT M. P. Hardy·, J. G. Patricio·· and W. H. Heley* -J. F. T. Agapito and Associates, Grand Junction, Colorado, USA --Rockwell Hanford Operations, Richland, Washington, USA ABSTRACT The Basalt Waste Isolation Project (BWIP) is an ongoing research...

... capability of the plant will only be realized after sufficient supporting data have been accumulated to ensure the safety of both short-term operation and long-term disposal of nuclear waste. The completed plant will include surface and underground facilities for receiving and disposing of waste. Four shafts...

... the overburden is no thicker that 60 m (Fig. 1). Two surface mining operations are producing from the Athabasca deposit and a third one is proposed. Great Canadian Oil Sands Ltd. commenced production in 1968 and an expansion is underway to boost production from 45,000 to 58,000 barrels per day. Sync rude Canada...