... fragment size explosive type breakout expansion Upstream Oil & Gas detonation liner test dynamite emulsion small diameter hole normal blast metals & mining mechanism Powergel Dynagel blast result different explosive type Diameter Hole fragmentation penetration...

... detonation expression Reservoir Characterization criterion characteristic impedance damage criterion tensile strength dynamic tensile strength particle velocity criteria charge weight rock mass ground vibration strength Rock mechanics dynamic stability analysis propagation law vibration...