... numerical calculations were carried out. NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS Numerical modelling was realised utilising the explicit finite difference programme FLAC v.3.4 (Itasca, 1998). The cable element formulation in FLAC considers more than just the local effect of reinforcement, its effect in resisting formulation...

... reservoir geomechanics stability condition specimen vorkshop area strength programme investigation yorkshop area cable Reservoir Characterization displacement convergence MPa pillar deposit stabilization measure Upstream Oil & Gas Workshop Area layout pillar 4 stress...

... the need to calibrate the device before and after installation and, in common with all strain gauge techniques, the data is obtained in the form of a very small analogue signal which must be transmitted by cable and is thus subject to electrical interference in a typical mining or construction environment...

.... As the ribs are driven they are used as a site from which competent cable bolting can be carried out. As a rib is excavated, it is filled with reinforced concrete. Finally, after the proposed opening has been reinforced, the displacements are automatically controlled as the opening is being excavated. Using...

... circulaire cable construction surge shaft prestressed pressure tunnel revetement participation Upstream Oil & Gas Mise post-tensioned concrete lining active post-tensioned concrete lining galerie precontrainte realisation GALERIES FORCl~~ESPRECONTRAINTES ET CHAMBRES D'EQUILIBRE...