The problem of designing and construction of water tunnels and pressure shafts of large diameters under high internal pressures is encountered more and more in contemporary water power engineering. The paper presents results of investigations concerning the following problems of coaction of steel sheet lining, concrete and rock mass, for cases of steel lining application: methodology of the rock mass investigations, general theoretical aspects of the rock mass - lining coaction, statical analyses of the "steel sheet - concrete - rock mass" system, trial testing of adopted solutions and observation of ready - made linings. Conclusions of interest to practice were drawn, with the basic attitude that under given conditions, solutions nay be implemented involving full Coaction of the rock mass in accepting internal water pressures.
Im zeitgemassen hydroenergetischen Bauwesen wird das Problem der Projektierung und des Ausbaus von Druckstollen und Druckschachten mit grossen Durchmessern und grossen Innendruecken immer deutlicher. 1m Bericht werden Ergebnisse der Zusammenwirkung der Felsnasse, des Betons und des Stahlpanzerung behandelt, und zwar fuer Falle, bei denen eine Anwendung des Stahlauskleidung in Frage komnt: Methodologie der Erforschung der Felsnasse, algemeiner theoretischer Aspekt der Zusammenwirkung zwischen der Auskleidung und der Felsnasse, statische Analyse des Systems "Stahe - Beton - Felsnasse", Pruefung der angenomenen Lösungen, sowie die Beobachtung der ausgefuehrten Auskleidungen. Es werden fuer die Praxis interessante Schlussfolgerungen gezogen, deren Grungstellungnahme darin besteht, das man, unter gewissen Bedingungen, Lösungen anwenden kann, bei denen auf volle Zusammenwirkung der Felsnasse bei der Aufnahme der Innendruecke gerechnet wird.
Dans l''utilisation actuelle des forces hydrauliques se pose de plus, en plus le probleme du projet et de la construction des galeries et des puits de grands diametres et soumis a de grandes charges internes. Dans le travail on montre les resultats des recherches des questions suivantes se rapportant a l''interaction de la tole, du beton et de la roche dans les cas de consideration de l''application du revetement en acier et cela comme suit: methodologie des essais de la nasse rocheuse, aspect theorique general de l''interaction du revetement et de la roche, le calcul statique du systeme "tole - beton - masse rocheuse", essais des solutions adoptees et auscultation des revetements en exploitation. On tire des conclusions d''interet pour la pratique avec une attitude generale que, sous quelques conditions, on peut adopter les solutions dans les quelles on compte sur une pleine interaction de la nasse rocheusse dans l''action des charges internes.
This paper presents results and conclusions drawn from and extensive study entitled "Load-sharing by Rock Mass, Concrete and Steel in Pressure Tunnels and Shafts of Pumped Storage Plants" carried out by the Structural and Geotechnical Engineering Department of the Jaroslav Cerni Institute of Water Resources Engineering, for the Corporate Electricity Company of Belgrade. The authors were B. Kujundzic (study director), Z. Radosavljevic, K. Ivanovic, O. Markovic, Z. Nikolic, M. Manojlovic and Lj. Petrovic. This condensed review presents the overall philosophy development, design concepts, the rock mass investigations necessary and modes of presentation of the results, a general discussion of the coaction of lining and rock mass, stress analysis of the steel-concrete-rock mass system, pilot tests of the lining during design and construction, testing and observation of the finished lining, and a final summing up.
Constantly accelerating economic growth demands ever more electricity and hence ever greater investment in power systems. Load peaks are a crucial problem whose solution may be sought either in trying to discourage peak consumption by making it more expensive than off-peak electricity, or by rendering the system capable of handling load peaks. This latter solution usually means building hydroelectric plants, and lately especially pumped storage plants, as standby or backup sources.
However, as the ratings of thermal and nuclear plants go higher and higher to meet the ever increasing power demands, so the chances of a large-scale dropout become greater.
