... with existing means of determining the joint's opening and relative roughness through field water pressure tests will permit adequate flow analyses of the foundation drainage systems of concrete gravity dams, lying on jointed rock. Louis da Silva numerical model da gama Reservoir Characterization...

... and the absence of a proper sub-surface drainage system are the main causes behind the failure. Upstream Oil & Gas hydraulic gradient sandstone relative roughness Reservoir Characterization dam foundation northern brazil hydraulic failure soft rock structural geology soft rock joint da Silva...