... and fractured structure, composed of schist and/or Carboniferous schist, sandstone and a large proportion of clastic rock. Due to the poor mechanical properties of the rock mass, squeezing behavior was observed around the tunnel. It is characterized by large, time-dependent and often anisotropic convergence...

...., the tensor product between the random variable space and the design variable space). The adopted optimization process allows to derive the optimal tunnel support that verifies two failure modes, namely the support capacity criterion and the maximum tunnel convergence. Introduction The optimization...

... particles, whose interactions are simulated with a hybrid mixture of the Flat Joint Contact Model (FJCM) and the Linear Model (LM) contact models; the RPT is implemented into DEM models using a Visual C++ function. Results show that the DEM plus RPT combination can suitably reproduce the tunnel convergences...

... Abstract The use of the classical ConVergence ConFinement (CV-CF) method which is a simplified tunnel design tool is very extended nowadays. A major limitation of this plane-strain approach is encountered when it is applied to the study of tunnels with a stiff lining near the tunnel face...

... and stabilized at 5 % after another 7 months. Further monitoring is planned to identify any long term creep in the room and pillar panel. 1. Introduction Although periodic convergence measurements cannot record continuous elastic and pseudo-plastic deformation of rock mass, 3D laser technology can be regarded...

... are observed by several methods: measurement of workings' convergence, shelf and pillar deformation, and rock-layer deformation close to walls and ceilings. The frequency of measurements depends on the assumed accuracy. This paper describes the rock-mass monitoring methods applied in the Polish underground...

... yielding support. To ensure the proper maintenance of the roadway the mine managers have to efficiently cope with the rock mass movements of various intensity (e.g. roof sag, floor heave, and horizontal convergence) as a result of the extraction pressure impact [1]. Artificial Intelligence lubosik...

... Engineering olympic stadium tower avellan Consulting Engineer convergence propagation PPV vibration Case History vibrometer Procedia Engineering 191 ( 2017 ) 504 511 1877-7058 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license...

.... The planar continuity of the orebody is disrupted by geological features, including faults, dykes, potholes, rolling reef and iron-rich ultramafic pegmatites (IRUPs). structural geology borehole hangingwall loading Upstream Oil & Gas convergence operation pillar Reservoir Characterization...

... ABSTRACT: Convergence measurements recorded for a drift excavated in two stages in Callovo-Oxfordian claystone are analyzed. In the first stage the drift is excavated with a diameter of 3.8 m. Then, three months later, the drift is over excavated to a final diameter of 5.2 m. In-situ...

... ABSTRACT: The thorough and accurate measurement of rock mass deformation or convergence is often limited to the use of a small number of discrete point to point measurements. These measurements are often not representative of how a rock mass is responding to the excavation of material over...

... (1944). Upstream Oil & Gas displacement rock mass behavior debernardi Simulation Artificial Intelligence three-dimensional model Politecnico knowledge management numerical method convergence excavation application landslide rock mass construction Barla tunnel excavation...

... and 4 m long (w:h of approximately 1.5). Mining of the trial site was completed by the end of May 2015. metals & mining Reservoir Characterization Upstream Oil & Gas hydraulic fracturing reservoir geomechanics instrumented pillar convergence fractured slab face position pillar...

... Abstract Convergence measurements have been conducted and interpreted in order to characterize the deformation behaviour of various layers of a salt dome in northern Germany. The evaluation and interpretation of the convergence data have shown a distinctive influence of the geological units...

... of the tunnel walls along different directions clearly showed important anisotropic behaviour, in accordance with the preferential directions of the main mechanical weakness planes. In this paper, the analysis of the convergence measurements is performed for the sections between chainage 1250 and 1385 where...

... Abstract This paper analyses the data monitored during tunnel construction in the Giumello gneiss formation of the Ceneri Base Tunnel in order to find the factors that have a major influence on squeezing convergences. The observed deformations were distributed non-uniformly over the tunnel...

... overburden such rock represents extreme conditions for tunneling, resulting in large convergences and over breaks. Based on the conclusions made after the construction of first two tunnels through Karavanks some key technical solutions, for construction of second road base tunnel, are pointed out. 1...

... Association (2003) after the displacement of section is judged to converge. Road tunnels in Japan are periodically inspected every five years, referring to the technical regulation by MLIT (2014). After tunnels open for operation, the countermeasure, installing inverted arches with large cracks over lining...

... calculation convergence sustainable lining rock mass lining concept deformation ?ABSTRACT: The Konrad mine near Salzgitter, Germany, is currently in the process of being rebuilt as a repository for radioactive waste with negligible heat generation. Due to the operating constraints the lining...

... and the in situ initial stress. Depending on this ratio, Hoek & Marinos (2001), and Hoek (2001) 805 suggest a criterion based on an estimation of the tunnel convergence: We consider that this approach for a tunnel can be extrapolated for a cavern, as a first analysis, but needs to be confirmed by analysis based...