.... This approach changes the stiffness and strength values of failed intrablock structural elements between pre-peak ("primary"), post-peak ("secondary"), and ultimate ("tertiary") states. The FEM models in the tertiary stage match 96% of overbreak patterns along the case drift, versus 80% in primary stage models...

... Upstream Oil & Gas shale threshold structural geology calibration viscoplastic flow FEM model increment Reservoir Characterization stability analysis teschenite sill rheological parameter reservoir geomechanics regional model foundation geological condition geological time...