This paper presents the evaluation techniques of different marble waste materials as cemented backfills for Ordinary Portland Cement contents (OPC) and curing times in terms of stability and support performances underground. Various stope layouts, the effects of loading on the fill by heavy mining machinery and the performance of different backfill mixes in the mechanised production stopes at backfilled mining were analysed using the numerical analysis models developed. The main objective of this study was to validate the system developed and to determine the optimum cemented marble waste compositions as backfill to be used in mining operations.
Cet article contient de faire analyser les dechêts du marbre divers aux taux du Ciment Ordinaire Portland, à la durete du delais concernant Ie materiel stable sons-terrain. Les Methodes d'analyse nombreuses avec les conditions des travaux differents et les performances des machines lourdes sont etudiees sur les matieres de stable. Le but de cette recherche est evalue les systemes d'analyse et de preciser les compositions de melange des dechets du marbre, aux entreprise de Mine.
Dieser Artikel prasentiert die bewertungstechniken von verschiedenen marmornen Abfallmaterialien als zementierte Rueckfuellungen fuer gewöhnliche Portlandzementgehalte und Aushartungszeiten im Gesichtspunkt von Stabilitat und Ausbauleistungen in der Unterlage. Verschiedene Abbauentwuerfe, die Effekte der Belastung ueber den Abbau, verursacht von den schweren Bergbaumaschinen und die leistung von verschiedenen Rueckfuellungsmischungen wurden analysiert und durch Verwendung der numerischen Analyse Modelle dargelegt. Das Hauptziel dieser Arbeit war das entwickelte System zur Geltung zu bringen und die optimalen zementierten Marmorabfallmischungen als Rueckfuellung im Bergbauverfahren zu bestimmen.
Marble industry has an increasing trend as a decorative material in present time. In parallel of this manner, the number of marble plants is rapidly increasing in marble producing countries. Either production cycle in the field or processing the marble blocks in plants, a large number of marble waste particulates are obtained and generally this waste is dumped to the beneficial fields. Enlarging the waste potentials makes an unexpected reactions based on environmental issues. Thus, as evaluating the consumption of valuable raw materials, the marble waste particulates should be evaluated in different industrial branches in order to gain an optimum benefit. Hence, a technical investigation procedure for evaluation of marble waste materials is becoming increasingly popular in stone industry. As an approach to evaluate the marble wastes as backfill materials, a research program was first carried out on a comprehensive programme of undrained compressive tests of specimens prepared from Turkish marble waste materials having different chemical and physical properties to produce backfill mixtures. The tests were conducted based on the different size fractions. The two main functions of backfill in underground mining are structural and non-structural. The nonstructural function of the use of fill is to produce a working platform and/or to create a method for the disposal of waste products underground. As a structural material, the fill is required to accept load to support or resist mining actions so that maximum ore recovery can be achieved. The objective of a system analysis in mining with backfill is the assessment of safety or stability of the backfilled stopes that comprises the backfill and host rock masses. Therefore, the development of an engineering design tool for the prediction of support performance of fill mixes in backfilled stopes is desired The backfill and rock mass geometry modelled can be analysed using geotechnical simulation techniques where the material properties are assumed to be linear elastic as a first approximation to establish a stress-deformation distribution within a fill structure. This can be handled through a two-dimensional boundary element analysis model in plane strain conditions. More complex fill material responses are assumed to have a non-linear elasto-plastic behaviour. Therefore, a two-dimensional finite element analysis model which incorporates non-linear elasto-plastic material behaviour is required for the analysis. This paper presents the evaluation techniques of marble waste materials as cemented backfills for different Ordinary Portland Cement contents (OPC) and curing times in terms of stability and support performances underground. Various stope layouts, the effects of loading on the fill by heavy mining machinery and the performance of different backfill mixes in the mechanised production stopes at backfilled minings were analysed using the computer programs on both Boundary Element Modelling (BEM) and Finite Element Modelling (FEM) developed. The study illustrates the practical applications of the developed numerical computer models BEAMSD (Boundary Element Analysis for Mine Stope Design) and FEAMSD (Finite Element Analysis for Mine Stope Design).
