Numerical Seakeeping Prediction of Vessel's Grounding And Collision In Shallow Water

The danger of grounding for vessels usually occurs when traveling near very shallow water area or collision occurs when lighter vessels loading and offloading from heavier vessels around the water depth restriction region. Generally, the shallow water is assumed that the ratio of finite depth water to vessel draft is less than or equal to four. Therefore, the finite depth water seakeeping study will be adopted and applied it to the shallow water case. So, a numerical seakeeping prediction tool is developed, in which, an algorithm is developed to solve the zeroforward speed free surface Green function for finite depth water by combining both the integral form and John's conventional expansion series form of the Green function. For the effect of water depth on vessel responses in waves with forward speed, the motions and the hydrodynamic forces are solved by using a three-dimensional panel method which is based on the zero-forward speed free-surface Green function in finite depth of water with forward speed correct. The effect of water depth on the double-body flow and associated m-terms is also considered. For the vessels' collisions study in shallow water, the coupled motions and the coupled hydrodynamic forces are also considered the effect of shallow water. The results are verified through limited published data and show excellent agreement and consistency Grounding (see Fig.1) and collision of vessels belong to the most frequent accidents in the sea. If extensive spillage of dangerous cargo cannot be avoided in such accidents, the environment is affected. In areas like the Gulf of Mexico and in the Pacific or in the North of Norway where access to ports for the very large crude carriers (VLCC) is constrained. Therefore the crude oil is usually loaded to smaller tanker at sea.