... Abstract Seafloor photographs of polymetallic nodule taken by deep-sea camera are used for the estimation of the abundance. Typically, empirical equations are used to calculate abundances. However, to date, shape of the size distribution, for example, the symmetry or skewness to characterize...

... Abstract Polymetallic nodule contains considerable amount of valuable metals, such as nickel cobalt and copper etc., it, therefore, can be future important metal supply. The survey of polymetallic nodule covering wide area of CCZ (Clarion Clipperton Zone) was conducted from the 1980s...

...Exploration of Polymetallic Nodule Using AUV in the Central Equatorial Pacific Masatsugu Okazaki and Akira Tsune Deep Ocean Resources Development Company Ltd. Tokyo, Japan ABSTRACT An AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) was used for the first time for exploration of polymetallic nodule in Japanese...

... ABSTRACT In the period 2001–2011 the IOM carried out extensive research on the improvement and optimization of the basic technological process for polymetallic nodules (PN). The pyro-hydrometalurgical processing technology was focused on improvement and optimization of the selective recovery...

... oil & gas iom exploration area grain size distribution polymetallic nodule ultrasonic treatment szczecin exploration area sediment structural geology composition depth interval classification university size distribution reservoir characterization particle siliceous silty clay...

... ABSTRACT Copper ions can catalyze reduction of manganese dioxide by carbon monoxide in ammonia solution. The paper studied on the reduction ammonia leaching process of ocean Co-Mn polymetallic ores, such as the polymetallic nodules and the cobalt-rich crust. The self-catalysis reduction...

...Preliminary Design Considerations for a Ship to Mine Polymetallic Nodules in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone Tomasz Abramowski The Interoceanmetal Joint Organization Szczecin, Poland Tomasz Cepowski The Maritime Academy of Szczecin Szczecin, Poland ABSTRACT In this paper we present some initial...

... ABSTRACT Deep-sea mining of polymetallic nodules is expected to cause directly and indirectly disturbance of the abyssal benthic ecosystem. Acquisition of baselines data of each mining area is essential for evaluation of the environmental impacts as well as for development of site-specific...

... ABSTRACT: International Joint Organization (IOM) is an international consortium, set up in April 1987, to survey and explore polymetallic nodule deposits in the area allotted by the International Seabed Authority. In 2001 IOM signed a contract with the International Seabed Authority...

... ABSTRACT: Description of physical properties of sediments and polymetallic nodules has been an essential part of geotechnical studies postulated in phase 2 of the "Plan of work for exploration for polymetallic nodules of Interoceanmetal (IOM)". The relevant properties were determined in both...

... mapping, a survey of the geographical distribution and regional abundances of the polymetallic nodules as well as the determination of their chemical composition, and a magnetic anomaly profiling along the cruise track from Honolulu (158°W) southeast to 116°W. About half of each of the two parts...

... ABSTRACT: The spinel lithium manganese oxide(Li 1 +xMn 2 -Xo 4 (0<x<0.33)) was prepared by solid state reaction from the reduction-ammoniacal leaching residue of polymetallic nodules and LiOH. The ion sieve was obtained by washing precursor with acid. The static saturated absorption...

... ABSTRACT: The spinel lithium manganese oxide(LiMn2O4) is prepared by solid state reaction with the raw materials of polymetallic nodules and LiOH. The products are analyzed and described by means of XRD and electron-diffraction diagram. The results show that the optimal preparation condition...

... frequency polymetallic nodule resolution reservoir characterization india seafloor nodule mining dredge bathymetry deposit nodule sediment vertical resolution nodule concentration dredge primary frequency recovery thickness operation abundance transparent layer ABSTRACT...

... in the polymetallic nodules varies between 20 – 33% depending upon the location (Das, 2005). Although the primary interest in processing deep-sea nodules is for recovery of nickel, copper, and cobalt, recovery of manganese will add to overall economics of the process. Processing of polymetallic nodules through...

... fecunicomn alloy air 0 extraction manganese nodule pyrometallurgical processing selective dissolution copper sulphide chemical composition undissolved residue copper concentration metals & mining alloy composition experiment acid nodule polymetallic nodule Selective Dissolution...

... ABSTRACT: Polymetallic nodules for two decades been subject to prospecting and exploration studies carried out by the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization in the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone where its exploration area is subsequently allocated under the contract with the International Seabed...

... ABSTRACT: The two-phase flow composed of polymetallic nodules and the fluid in hydraulic hoist for deep sea mining was simulated by the discrete particle method (DPM). The motion of nodule particles was simulated by the particle-motion-resolved model, in which the effects of Saffman lift force...

... Day of India- Indian Research vessel "Gaveshani" collected the first sample of polymetallic nodule from Indian Ocean. Since that day, India has carried out a large programme involving survey, exploration, mining, geology, and metallurgy of such nodules. About half a dozen institutes, and engineering...

... The Department of Ocean Development, Government of India took initiative towards the development and use of marine non-living resources for the socio-economic benefit of the society. Indian Oceanographic Vessel Gaveshni collected the first sample of polymetallic nodules from the Indian Ocean...