... upstream oil & gas pipeline bottom roughness assessment pipeline as-laid embedment pipe vertical load penetration response embedment span route option flowline route roughness analysis assessment as-laid embedment production flowline vertical load penetration response model...

... on the northeastern Sakhalin offshore. Pipeline route options were analysed on the basis of a complex approach to environmental factors study. As a result of a comparative analysis, the pipeline route option was chosen, which is economically, technically and ecologically optimum. INTRODUCTION To ensure pipeline...