... embedded in a residual ferromagnetic amorphous matrix (Makino, 2000). In nanocrystalline alloys, where the grains are much smaller than the exchange coherence length, the magnetic anisotropy is averaged over many grains and orientations (Herzer, 1990; Herzer, 2005). Thus these nanocrystalline alloys may...

... applied to roof truss structures, tower structures as well as offshore jackets. No tests regarding KTKT-joints are known and hence, no design guidance is available. However, multi-planar KK-joints were tested by Makino et al. (1984), Paul et al. (1993) and Yonemum et al. (1996) and were studied...

... has not been developed. The aim of the current research is to use the Upper Bound Theorem of Shakedown to assess the shakedown limit. incremental collapse rotation elastic envelope kinematically admissible strain rate grundy shakedown limit makino elastic stress envelope shakedown...

... joints are consistent. 1. Introduction During the recent Kobe Earthquake, many steel structures were damaged owing to the initiation and growth of cracks. Ductile macrocracks often initiated at weld toes (Wang et al 1996, Makino et al 1995) after structures sustain excessive plastic strain...

...-planar, were discussed and compared with the Kurobane (1984) K-joint formula and the KK-joint formula of Makino et al (1995). INTRODUCTION In two of the tests of Yonemura et al (1996), it was reported that there was insufficient melting of the weld metal, and therefore it was doubted whether...

... joint test results. The only code that includes the effects of loading in the out-of-plane braces for an arbitrarily configured joint is the AWS code (1996). loading wilmshurst anti-symmetrical axial loading brace specimen formulation failure mode makino out-of-plane angle strength...

... to the effect of cracks. 1. Introduction Recently, the crack failure has been gradually realized as one of the principal causes of damage to steel structures. Ductile cracks often initiated at weld toes in tubular structures (Wang et al, 1996, Makino et al, 1995) after structures sustain excessive plastic...

... ABSTRACT In order to make simple design equations for CHS joints, a new ultimate capacity formula for K-joints under axial loads is derived by a multiple regression analysis method and using the database of Makino et al. (1996). Although there are several failure modes in K-joints, an ultimate...

... ABSTRACT: Double K-joints (called KK-joints hereafter) sustain anti-symmetrical load when trusses are under horizontal loads acting perpendicular to their spanning direction. Although ten unstiffened CDS KK-joint specimens under anti-symmetrical loads were tested by Makino et al. (1993...

...-Joints: Comparison with AWS and API Design Codes J.e. Paul Obayashi Corporation/University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan Y. Makino and Y. Kurobane Kumamoto University Kumamoto, Japan ABSTRACf . The lack of data on multi planar joints is reflected by the inconsistent treatment of multiplanar joints in the various...

...) is the only code that shows general design criteria applicable to many types of multi planar joints, ultimate capacity kurobane formulae brace failure type upstream oil & gas ultimate capacity increase drilling operation type 2 tubular structure makino failure type 1 chord wall brace...