... and water(Deike et al., 2022). This phenomenon is particularly prevalent in coastal and ocean engineering. Waves undergo fragmentation when interacting with marine structures, entraining significant amounts of air into the water, thereby generating copious amounts of white foam near the vicinity of marine...

... to investigate the effects of wave steepness and surface tension on main cavity formation and fragmentation. The two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved using the finite-volume method on a quad-tree-based adaptive mesh. The free surface is captured using a geometrical volume of fluid method...

... fragmentation and scattering during the interaction process. Plastic deformation of the reinforced panels decreases gradually with an increase in the number of impacts, eventually reaching a plateau. Short cracks and failures appeared at both ends of the stiffeners where they were welded to the panels...

... and Metallurgy Co. Ltd., China ABSTRACT Fractal dimension is one of the physical parameters that can reflect ore and rock fragmentation degrees. By summarizing the inherent law of particle breakage, this paper proposed a new method for characterizing the particle crushing of cobalt crust. Linear slope...

... ABSTRACT Mechanical processes in the Arctic ice pack result in fragmented sea ice cover, the regular geometry of which could be described in main features in terms of the conventional mechanics. However the size distribution of sea ice floes does not exhibit the random (poissonianlike...

... particle method appendage free-surface motion diffusion impact load fluid particle incompressible flow mp method navier-stoke equation particle reservoir simulation equation koshizuka boundary condition solid particle interaction free-surface particle fragmentation Numerical Simulation...

... strength of the ice sheet is dominant under small strain rate (see Fig. I (I)). while wedge-shape fragmentation (flaking), crushing and cleavage cracking shown in Fig I (2) and (3) will occur under high strain rate. For the latter cases, more than one failure criteria must be taken into consideration...

... upstream oil & gas ice regime probability offshore structure fragmentation albedo ice cover state floe size thickness ice parameter Proceedings of the Ninth (1999) International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference Brest, France, May 30-June 4, 1999 Copyright © 1999...

... dimensional dynamic interaction between a moving pack ice and a stationary structure. The discrete element procedure accounts for the generation of fragmentation within the initially intact ice floes. The problems examined take into consideration brittle fragmentation in tension and viscoplastic flow...