The main principals of analytical method of estimating congelation sea ice physical characteristic are elaborated. To calculate mechanical parameters of ice there are proposed to use the following hydrometeorological data: air temperature, ice thickness, snow cover thickness, temperature and salinity of water underice layer. Spatial-temporal variability of bending strength of thin medium and thick first-year ice of the Barents and the Kara Seas are discussed.
The knowledge of the physical characteristics of the sea ice makes it possible even now to estimate some ice properties basing on available hydrometeorological data, particularly for the pack ice of the high-latitude Arctic basin, where a regular set of drifting camps "North Pole" was kept. Yet the great variability of ice structure of the Arctic Seas where local Russian or international (in future) ship routes lie makes it necessary to study in detail the structure and properties of sea ice. The aim of these studies is to get such parameters that can be used in the different mathematical models of sea ice state and of the processes that are acting inside ice. It must be under lined that until now there is no systematized data on the regional pecularities of the sea ice properties, that depend on its structure and phase content and can differ for tens of times for winter and summer ice. Considering the fact that the aspects of collecting, preservation and treatment of the ice samples are now systematized by the Ice Committee of the International Association on Hydraulic Research (IAHR) and by the International Glaciological Society (IGS) and that there is existing the ice classification and Nomenclature of the sea ice by the World Meteorological Organization it seems necessary to begin passportization of the sea ice according to the full physical characteristic of each type of ice.
