This study investigated the effect of wind velocity on wave run-up height observed on a revetment slope. Hydraulic experiments with using a two-dimensional wave flume were carried out. In the experiment, this study set some conditions under which wave breakers occur or not occur during wave propagation. When waves propagate without wave breakers, the wave run-up height clearly increased as the wind velocity. The characteristics of the wave run-up height against wave steepness differed depending on the wind velocity. The occurrence frequency of the wave run-up height was almost consistent with the Rayleigh distribution.
As a gradual progress of global warming, huge coastal disasters due to a storm surge or a wave overtopping tend to occur frequently in Japan (Japan Meteorological Agency, 2021,2022a). For example, Typhoon Jebi in 2018 had caused serious damages at Kansai Airport. Its main runway was flooded by the storm surge, and a bridge leading to the airport island was damaged by a drifting ship collision (Japan Meteorological Agency, 2022b). The airport had been non-functional for several weeks by those damages.
Many types of revetments have been constructed to mitigate coastal disasters caused by storm surges and wave overtopping. The crest height of the revetment is usually designed based on a wave run-up height or an allowable overtopping rate (Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 2000). Murakami et al.(2016, 2018) measured the amount of water over a seawall under the condition of blowing wind in a laboratory. These studies pointed out that the amount of water over the seawall increases as the wind velocity. This result suggests that the wind velocity could be one of the important factors in accounting the wave run-up height.
Characteristics of wave run-up height have been investigated by many researchers (e.g. Toyoshima et al., 1964, Nakamura et al., 1972, Mase et al.,1983). For example, Mase et al.(2003) and Saito et al.(2015) examined the statistical feature of the wave run-up height under various incident wave conditions, though they did not take the wind velocity into their considerations. Coastal disasters caused by high waves usually occur under strong winds, and an unexpected wave run-up may increase damages. This study carried out some hydraulic experiments with using a two-dimensional wave flume to clarify the effect of the wind velocity on the wave run-up height observed on a revetment.
