ABSTRACT
Ice load is an important factor in ship structure design and safe navigation. In view of the advantages of Discrete Element Method (DEM) in dealing with the problem of discontinuous medium, the ice resistance of ships in flat ice area is analyzed by using DEM, and the resistance of water body is simulated by using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD). In the discrete element simulation of ship ice breaking process, flat ice is composed of spherical particles. At the same time, the influence of buoyancy, drag and added mass force on ice element is considered. During the interaction between ice and ship, the adhesion between particles will be destroyed. The resistance characteristics of the hull under the ice water coupling are analyzed, and the action load of ice on the hull in the process of ice breaking is determined.
In recent years, affected by global warming, the Arctic ice cover area has decreased year by year. There is a possibility of navigation in the Arctic channel. In addition, the Arctic channel can greatly shorten the navigation time, which is of great strategic significance to China. At the same time, the Arctic is rich in oil and gas resources, accounting for 13% of the world's proven crude oil reserves and 30% of the world's natural gas reserves. In view of the above situation, China conducted an investigation on the navigation possibility of the Arctic channel in 2012, and actively carried out research in related fields.
In the process of ship navigation in ice area, due to the comprehensive influence of ice type, ship type, driving mode and other factors, the process of ship and ice becomes very complex. It is generally believed that when ice acts on a ship's hull, it will undergo three processes: bending, breaking, overturning and sliding, with the accumulation and overlapping of ice in the bow. In the research process of ship ice load, the research methods such as real ship measurement, model test, empirical formula, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are generally used to analyze the action mechanism of ice and ship hull and determine the specific resistance value. The numerical simulation method can reflect the damage and deformation of ice and the change of resistance in the middle of the ship at any time. It is an important means to study the ice interaction of ships.
