Typhoon is one of the most destructive extreme natural disasters. Because of the irresistibility of typhoon disaster, forecasting the transfer path of the typhoon in advance is the most effective way to protect human life and security. Commonly, the numerical simulation method is a routine way for typhoon forecasting. However, forecasting accuracy is very sensitive to the maximum wind speed radius as well as the typhoon center which are the two most important parameters challenging to obtain. Since the stationary satellite can capture continuous typhoon images, it is possible for us to extract the above two parameters. Himawari-8, a new geostationary meteorological satellite launched by Japan in 2016, can get a cloud image with 16 wavebands every 10 minutes, which provides abundant data for retrieving typhoon wind field. This paper presents a method for acquisition of typhoon's wind field parameters using Himawari-8 satellite data. Based on the set of cloud maps of the typhoon Ampil captured in the summer of 2018 in the East China Sea. The maximum correlative matching method is utilized to generate wind field. Accordingly, the typhoon center is determined by visual interpretation, and the maximum wind speed radius automatically calculated by measuring the distance from the position of maximum wind speed to the center of the typhoon. The results show that the wind field retrieved from Himawari-8 has higher superiority both in temporal and spatial, and could improve the accuracy of the simulation modeling forecasting results.
Typhoon is one kind of critically disastrous weather process. The storm surge and typhoon waves caused by typhoon often have disastrous effects on the offshore and nearshore. The calculation accuracy of storm surge and typhoon wave is significantly affected by the accuracy of the typhoon wind field. British expert Heaps once pointed out that the prerequisite for accurate storm surge prediction is to provide accurate meteorological data in the calculation process (Heaps, 1983). The research of Wang X. N. and Liang B. Q. (Wang, 1986; Liang, 1990) also shows that the direction and intensity of typhoon storm surge are closely related to the surface pressure field and wind field.
