Laser-TIG hybrid welding is an important joining technique for ferrous and non-ferrous metals, with the latter finding increasing application in the aerospace, aircraft, automotive, electronics and other industries due to advantageous properties such as superior corrosion resistance, light weight and high strength-to-weight ratio. However, the welding of non-ferrous metals has certain limitations. This paper presents a review of laser-TIG hybrid welding by examining the benefits and limitations of the process, relevant industrial applications, and optimization of parameters. A comprehensive literature review approach is used as a basis for suggestions of possible future areas of improvement. The review shows that laser-TIG hybrid welding has potential to become a versatile welding process and its industrial usage will likely increase due to its numerous benefits, such as porosity reduction, improved arc stability and increased welding speed, and the development of new TIG arcs that enhance the capabilities of the hybrid process. The main limitation found was undercut. However, research shows that this can be eliminated by selecting correct welding parameters. Finally, the paper suggests areas for further studies to improve understanding and utilization of laser-TIG hybrid welding processes. The findings are useful for industries that work with metal welding processes and as an educational tool.
Laser welding technology has become an integral part of modern welding due to the unique fabrication opportunities it offers. Although its invention dates to the 1970s, practical application of the technology is still relatively new and the use of laser welding has only increased significantly following the development of high efficiency lasers. Limitations to the technology, such as the negative effect of high metallic surface reflection, depth penetration restrictions (≤ 25mm) and strict tolerances for groove preparation, have led to the development of modified welding processes, e.g. hybrid laser welding, which aim to combine the benefits of both laser welding and arc welding.
