... gridblock permeability radial flow reservoir simulation spe formation evaluation communication wellblock scaling method ray equation history gridblock procedure flow in porous media upstream oil & gas coarse-grid wellblock permeability distribution production monitoring heterogeneity...

... recovery structural geology fluid dynamics scaling method production monitoring Four categories of errors commonly occur in reservoir production estimates: (1) random measurements errors, (2) systematic errors (bias), including lack of representativeness, (3) upscaling errors, and (4) model...

... model gridblock realization effective permeability reservoir characterization scaling method core-plug data core data heterogeneity fluid dynamics structural geology eff formation evaluation correlation reservoir simulation shale fundamental geologic control procedure...

... characterization flow equation block permeability upstream oil & gas covariance fluid dynamics modeling & simulation interface permeability tensor reservoir simulation boundary condition evaluation scaling method Figure 4 Determining the megaflux gradients parallel and orthogonal...

... enhanced recovery realization 8 scaling method reservoir characterization The oil and gas fields that have been the aim of exploitation in the past in the North Sea have often been large compared with the present smaller, geologically complex fields. Such issues as the high costs of drilling...

... dynamics waterflood reservoir simulation permeability upstream oil & gas saturation heterogeneity tracer test analysis spe formation evaluation chemical flooding methods brine saturation scaling method concentration chemical tracer waterflooding heterogeneous sandstone experiment...