... control experimental data correlation production logging multiphase flow production monitoring entrainment fraction droplet entrainment two-fluid model equation prediction wave celerity pressure drop superficial gas velocity reservoir surveillance upstream oil & gas entrainment rate...

..., and they are not able to predict the effect of water fraction on the frictional pressure drop little experimental data exist for such conditions (low liquid loading three phase flow at high superficial gas velocities). The work and results related to frictional pressure drop in vertical flow were presented...

... and air, for superficial liquid velocities ranging from 0.2 to 0.7 m/s, and superficial gas velocities ranging from 0.1 to 30 m/s. From the experimental observations of flow regimes in diameters larger than 97 mm, churn flow is observed under conditions that slug flow would be expected in smaller diameter...

... for such conditions (low liquid loading, three-phase flow at high superficial gas velocities). The key focus of these presentations is hence related to frictional pressure drop in low liquid loading at high water fractions. To support model development and model verification experiments were conducted in a 4...

... study has been conducted in an upwards inclined 0.076m (3 ) ID pipe to investigate the effects of the inclination angle on this critical gas velocity for air/water two-phase flow. The parameters of this study cover a range of inclination angle from 2° to 20° and superficial gas velocities up to 32 m/s...

... and also a higher superficial gas velocity, USG, is needed to convert stratified to annular. Most importantly it has been noticed that the maximum drag reductions occur when the annular flow pattern changes to stratified or a slug to pseudo-slug flow pattern. The finding that the slug flow regime change...

... and 0.9 m/s are presented. The superficial gas velocities for each oil velocity ranges from 0.5 9 m/s. The results include flow maps, pressure drop, holdup, and estimated interfacial shear and friction factor. The flow maps include a wider range of superficial oil velocities, from 0 - 1 m/s. Results...

... measurement slug bubble velocity production control slug speed upstream oil & gas slug low pressure experiment frequency pressure experiment superficial gas velocity production monitoring reservoir surveillance closure relation slug frequency wave speed A comparison of slug and wave...

... and the underlying mechanisms were discussed. Selected mechanistic models were evaluated against the experimental results. zhang bhr group 2009 reservoir surveillance liquid holdup droplet prediction water cut upstream oil & gas superficial gas velocity pressure gradient production logging low...

... and operational conditions were investigated. The operational conditions for which the slug velocity was less than mixture velocity occur at relatively high superficial gas velocities and low superficial liquid velocities. Under these conditions, the initiation mechanism is wave coalescence in which...

... fluid system reservoir surveillance inclination angle multiphase production technology 13 upstream oil & gas gas velocity instrument water cut liquid holdup critical gas velocity production logging discontinuity production control simulation inclination superficial gas velocity...

... catcher flow rate flow line multiphase production technology 12 reservoir surveillance upstream oil & gas field data riser production monitoring production rate flow pattern map bhr group 2005 flow metering hydrodynamic slug transition superficial gas velocity instability onset...