.... It can provide theoretical guidance for the stimulation of unconventional reservoirs. 1. INTRODUCTION Hydraulic fracturing is an important means of reservoir stimulation and improving oil and gas recovery. By pumping high - pressure fluid, the reservoir is broken and proppant particles are injected...

..., the fracture size formed after fracturing is very small, even up to the micron, nanometer level. Conventional proppant particle sizes are unable to enter induced and naturally occurring microfractures, so the microfractures close, reducing the conductivity of the reservoir fracture network and inhibiting its...

...., 2014). geologist fracture fracturing materials hydraulic fracture geology proppant geological subdiscipline numerical model concentration united states government hydraulic fracturing proppant transport proppant particle placement exhibition upstream oil & gas fracturing...

... completion with hydraulic fracturing, in which the proppant particles are injected with fracturing fluids to keep the fractures open after the fracturing pressure is released. To maximize the opening area of the fractures thus the well productivity, the placement of the proppant particles is expected...

... fracturing materials matrix proppant particle fracturing fluid equation of state fracture viscosity proppant concentration reservoir simulation hydraulic fracturing propagation multi-fracture propagation vector particle radius dimension hydraulic fracture fracture morphology interpolation...

... application prospects(Middleton et al., 2015; Yang et al., 2021). proppant supercritical co 2 planar fracture placement fracturing fluid tortuous fracture particle calculation fracture fracturing materials slurry proppant particle dune investigation reservoir wang grid upstream oil...

... numerical models are needed. This paper introduces a continuum approach for simulating the transport of multiple fluids and proppant particles within hydraulic fractures. To achieve computational efficiency, this proppant model is developed based on the assumption of multi-component single phase flow...

... the DEM/LB-coupled model to study the influence of proppant mixtures on the maximum attainable reservoir productivity index based on equations derived from the literature. proppant Simulation proppant size proppant particle fracturing materials Upstream Oil & Gas particle proppant pack...

..., the proppant thickness and the proppant size. Permeability of the propped fracture decreases during shearing, which is plausibly due to proppant particle crushing and related clogging. Proppants become prone to crushing if the shear loading evolves concurrently with the normal loading. Above combined...

... effective stress fracturing materials Upstream Oil & Gas fracture conductivity conductivity proppant Simulation proppant pack particle diameter distribution diameter distribution rock matrix Chen fracturing fluid particle proppant particle hydraulic fracture proppant embedment...

... while minimizing environmental impact. embedment proppant fracture upstream oil & gas reservoir conditions aperture specimen hydraulic fracture permeability test period production decline proppant particle fracturing materials proppant embedment µct image hydraulic fracturing...