... and the resultant proppant compaction, rearrangement, and embedment. DEM-simulated pore structure of the compacted proppant pack was extracted and then imported into the LB simulator as internal boundary conditions of fluid flow modeling to measure the time-dependent permeability of the proppant-supported fracture...

... (fracture) flow to Darcy (proppant pack) flow. At the maximum extent of the fluid-driven fracture, as driving pressure is released, a fracture closure model is employed to follow the evolution of fracture conductivity with the decreasing fluid pressure. This model is capable of accommodating the mechanical...

... and conductivity of fractures partially/fully filled with a proppant pack. The model accommodates the mechanical response of proppant packs in response to closure of arbitrarily rough fractures and the evolution of proppant embedment. The numerical model is validated against existing models and an analytic...

... code (e.g., PFC3D) was used to calculate the proppant compaction and rearrangement. LBM simulation was performed on the evolved proppant pack to compute the time-dependent permeability of the proppant pack. Proppant packs with 20/40 and 30/50 mesh sizes were generated using the same average diameter...

.... The aim of this study is to identify potential damage mechanisms causing this permeability loss. To this end a series of experiments was undertaken to measure the stress dependent permeability of the formation, proppant pack and formation/proppant pack interface. This testing identified that the formation...

... network. Numerous proppant and proppant pack characterization tests can be performed to understand the behavior of the proppant pack in a fracture, some of which were initially outlined in API RP-56/58/60 and later in ISO 13503-2. According to ISO 13503-2 section 11, proppant pack crush strength...

... treatment. Hence, the proppant selection is of particular significance in petroleum industry. Due to recent advances in imaging technologies and high-performance computing, estimation of the elastic and transport properties of proppant packs at different closure stresses using imaged-based simulations...

...-stimulation treatments to remain economically viable. Proppant crushing and embedment, fracturing-fluid damage, and fines invasion are proppant-pack permeability damage mechanisms that have been used to explain this loss of productivity. This paper reports on recent studies that have determined that alumina...

... materials Artificial Intelligence hydraulic fracturing proppant fracturing fluid Upstream Oil & Gas stimulation speculation closure stress experiment proppant pack consideration stability productivity flowback conductivity fracture system closure reduction literature review proppant...