... on the variation of trace density, derived by the end-point estimator, using analytic and numerical approaches. We employ rectangular, square, and circular windows for sampling the trace density of fractures with various dip angles using Monte Carlo simulations. We find that, regardless of window shape...

..., and the predicted tilts are compared to the real (FOM) tilts. The results show that the trained cGAN with Wasserstein loss and gradient penalty (W-model) can predict the ground surface tilt due to the pressurized fractures at variable dip angles. 1. INTRODUCTION Hydraulic fracturing has been frequently applied...

... ABSTRACT: In the present study, we studied the displacement around the tunnel in a transversely isotropic rock mass with the scenario of tunneling direction parallel to joint strike. The effect of dip angle in tunneling on the displacement distribution around the tunnel was simulated...

... particle vibration waveform vibration dip angle three-component sensor upstream oil & gas mechanism characteristic amplitude hypocenter ARMA 21-1395 Application of three-component acoustic emission sensor in the uniaxial compression rock failure experiment Wu, Shan Southern University...

... grout penetration length Eqn hydraulic fracturing particle rock mass upper limit penetration horizontal joint equation fracture mechanics grout pressure different peripheral location dip angle grout penetration foundation 1. INTRODUCTION Rock mass grouting is used to fill the joints...

... dividing the entire rock mass model into cubes. The fracture intensity (P 32 ) of each specimen was measured. A series of parametric studies including dip angle, dip direction, Fisher constant K, size of rock mass model, shape of rock mass model, specimen volume, fracture diameter, and P 32 were...

... the fatigue damage accumulates in the first few cycles, and the lower the fatigue life. Two basic micro-cracks, i.e., tensile wing crack and shear crack, are observed in dynamic cyclic tests, which are controlled principally by joint dip angle and persistency. In general, shear cracks only occur in jointed...

... dip angle and critical friction angle is investigated. A real toppling slope is simulated and the necessary cohesion and friction angle are verified. Introduction Landslide is one of the most serious natural hazards worldwide because it occurs frequently and causes various catastrophic damages...

... dip angle axial compression strain tensor component Upstream Oil & Gas elasticity specimen elastic parameter anisotropy deformation orientation anisotropic rock axisymmetrically compression triaxial test 1. INTRODUCTION It is important to identify mechanical properties...

... in the probabilistic block theory analysis. Discontinuity orientation is treated as a bivariate random variable including the correlation that exists between the dip angle and dip direction. PBTAC code was applied to perform both deterministic and probabilistic block theory analyses for a part of an open pit mine...

.... This process has been extensively studied in the oil & gas industry where hydraulic fractures are commonly vertical planar types. In this case, the effects of natural fracture dip angle and vertical in-situ stress are neglected. However, in block cave mining, hydraulic fractures are generally horizontal...

... to the following main conclusions: (i) The mining excavations that occurred underneath the investigated block at the landslide site, the friction angle of T2 discontinuities and sliding plane, and the dip angle of the sliding plane seem to be the most important factors with respect to the instability...

... characterized. The 2D roughness profiles are presented along with the JRC values assigned through comparison with standard JRC profiles. The 3D laser scan data are used to generate files containing the strike, dip angle, and dip direction of thousands of individual facets. The data are presented using...

... state dip angle vertical borehole Reservoir Characterization underground factory borehole stress measurement underground cavern project equation Upstream Oil & Gas strain gauge MPa stress distribution principal stress rock burst 1. INTRODUCTION The Earth s crust is composed...

... frequency Denote dip angle discontinuity mean trace length Artificial Intelligence outcrop two-dimensional exposure rectangular window estimation trace length mean trace length Unit Area equation 1. INTRODUCTION On May 12, 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake of Richter scale 8.0 occurred...

... to study the reinforcement effect of rock bolt to intermittent jointed rock mass. Mortar was selected to be rock-like material. Multi-crack samples were prepared according to different crack arrangement by changing crack length, spacing, connected ratio, and dip angle. Uniaxial tests were carried out...

... proportion to the deformation of the rock masses occurring after tunnel excavation; (2)The deformation of the surrounding rock masses in fault and fracture zones is huge and lasts longer time; (3) Where the tunnel driving direction is opposite to the dip of the strata and the dip angle is large...

... specific geometric properties across a rock surface such as dip angle, dip direction and mean elevation. This work will be extended in the future for identifying contiguous areas of constant orientation (e.g., fractures) and other significant features. orientation Upstream Oil & Gas circle...

... influence on rockslide geometry, c) the interrelationship between the dip angle of the sliding zone and the pre-existing fracture network, d) the sliding mechanisms along this sliding zone and e) the internal deformation behavior that is induced from large-scale shear displacements. 1. INTRODUCTION...

...). Upstream Oil & Gas reservoir geomechanics Simulation Rock mechanics subsidence mechanism ground subsidence mechanism surface subsidence stability Reservoir Characterization dimension serious sinkhole trough collapse characteristic numerical method dip angle subsidence type rock block...