... or discontinuity within the affected stress field. Reservoir Characterization strength excess energy discontinuity Upstream Oil & Gas calculation brittleness unstable failure seismicity geothermal reservoir Salamon loading stiffness excavation reservoir geomechanics numerical model...

... pillar strength knowledge management Artificial Intelligence Design Procedure pillar collapse formulae pillar design formulae layout pillar strength formulae strength consideration application pillar probability experimental panel coal pillar metals & mining Salamon...

...1. INTRODUCTION Approximately 2.5 million coal pillars have been left underground in South African coal mines since the establishment of the Salamon and Munro (1967) formula. For more than three decades, coal pillar strength in South Africa has been calculated using this well-known formula, which...

...Rock Mechanics for Industrg Arnadei, Kranz, Scott & Srneallie ( ds) ¸ 1999 Balketna, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5809 052 3 Strength of coal pillars from back-calculation M.D.G. Salamon Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colo., USA ABSTRACT: In the aftermath ofa major collapse ofcoal pillars in a South...

...Rock Mechanics as a Multidisciplinary Sctence, Roegiers (ed ) ¸ 1991 Balkema, Rotterdam ISBN906191 194X Partial extraction to control surface subsidence due to coal mining Miklos D.G. Salamon Mining Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colo. ABSTRACT: Longwall partial...

... of the role of roof and floor convergence and that the applicability of linear elastic models has been left largely unexplored. Since the early 1960's the prediction of rock mass behaviour on the basis of elastic models has gained wide acceptance in hard rock mining (Salamon 1963, 1964a, 1964b, 1974, Cook et...

... ABSTRACT ABSTRACT: For over 20 years South African collieries have used the safety factor formula, developed by Salamon and Munro (1967), to design coal pillar geometries with very satisfactory results. The maximum depth of bord and pillar workings included in the derivation of the current...

... L -- 2,1 this yields : F -- 8,9 x 10 TM erEs or 89 MJ For th development of a ci culam crack of radius R, Salamon (197w) p 1083 gives the kinetic enerEy imparted to the rock as E s _W k-- v) Ruo) 2 3(1-v/2)G (2) Assumin E typical hamd-mock values of G-- 35 GN/m 2 -- 0,15 and x-co -- 10MN/m 2, (2...

... that have not (Salamon and Munro, 1967; Salamon, 1967). This approach suffers from several difficulties (Bieniawski, 1967) as well as the usual one inherent in the application of statistical data to an individual case, and is therefore in the guess category. When a particular mine design is under...

... Reservoir Characterization Upstream Oil & Gas Salamon heerden pillar formula horizontal stress safety factor strength formula Holland Bieniawski complex reservoir design method mining equation strength cohesion application barrier pillar pillar design PuJ, R DESIGN IN Uk ERGROUk...

... eventually build up and cause slip. Matherotical Analysis and Numerical Solution A general solution for the displacements in an infinite, homo- geneous, isotropic, linearly elastic mass can be expressed in terms of three harmonic functions $1' $2' and $3 in the fore (SALAMON, 1963; 1964c): Sz Sx v = (1...