Abstract
A hybrid discrete element-finite element-smooth particle model was implemented in the CA2 computer program to study the effects of shock wave and gas penetration on the rock damage. The gas flow is simulated by a smooth particle model while the rock is simulated as a bonded particle system. Cylindrical rock specimens with and without lining were used for this study. The copper lining is modeled by finite elements. Several numerical tests were performed. In particular, the effects of rock strength, shock wave, and gas penetration on rock damage were investigated. Furthermore, the role of lining stiffness and its constitutive model on the induced cracks and delivered energy to the specimen was analyzed. The numerical results indicate that the proposed hybrid model can accurately capture many phenomena that are observed in the physical rock blasting tests.
