... model in 3D poroelasic layered media that is based on Griffith-type global fracture criterion with anisotropic specific fracture energy, in addition to conventional mass and energy balances. A numerical realization of the model reveals the importance of fracture mechanisms in the vicinity...

... motivates the development of a small-scale uniaxial and bi-axial pilot test which could supply more adequate information regarding the hydraulic fracture mechanisms and can be used for selection of polyaxial test conditions. A new specimen geometry, i.e., Edge Cleavage Specimen (ECS), was developed...